Marcel Duchamp

Marcel Duchamp
by Bill Wall

Marcel Duchamp
1887—1968

Henri-Robert-Marcel Duchamp was a French chessplayer and renowned artist. He was born near Blainville-Crevon, Normandy, France on July 28, 1887. He came from a family of artists and chess players. He had 4 brothers and 2 sisters. His father was Justin-Isidore (Eugene) Duchamp. His mother was Marie-Caroline-Lucie Duchamp.

In 1898, at the age of 11, he first played chess with his older brothers Gaston (Jacques Villon) (1875-1963) and Raymond Duchamp Villon (1876-1918). The whole family read and played chess together.

In 1904, Jacques Villon etched La Partie d'echecs, featuring 17-year-old Marcel Duchamp playing chess with his sister, Suzanne (1889-1963).

In 1905, Marcel was studying art at the Acadamie Julien in Paris. He failed the entrance exams to the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, and then worked as a cartoonist.

In 1910, he began painting chess players playing chess. One canvas, called The Chess Game, depicts his brothers playing chess in their garden while his mother is seated at a table and his sister is reclining on the lawn.

In 1911, he created a series of at least six drawings and two Cubist paintings of his brothers playing chess. One of his paintings is known as Portrait de jouers d'�checs (Portrait of Chess Players), which depicted multiple perspectives of his two brothers playing chess.

In April 1912, he painted Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2, in which motion was expressed by successive superimposed images. He entered the painting at the 28th Salon des Independants exhibition in Paris, but it was rejected. It was too radical at the time.

In 1913, he entered his Nude Descending a Staircase at the 69th Armory in New York City. It was viewed by 100,000 visitors during the month long exhibition.

In 1913, he worked as a librarian at the Bibliotheque Sainte Genevieve. One of his art pieces during this time was a bicycle wheel mounted on a stool.

In 1914, he was rejected for military service as unfit.

In June 1915, he went to New York and worked as a librarian at the French Institute. In 1915 he created The Bride Stripped Bare by her Bachelors, Even, known also as The Large Glass. He finished it in 1921.

In 1916, he began playing chess with New York art patron Walter Arensberg (1878-1954). Arensberg had been captain of the Harvard chess team in his days.

In 1917, Duchamp, Henri-Pierre Roch� (1879-1959), and Beatrice Wood (1893-1998) produced a publication in New York called The Blind Man. It was a rival to another avant-garde magazine in New York called 391, published by Francis Picabia. Picabia challenged Roch� to a chess game. The loser would have to cease their publication. Picabia beat Roche, and The Blind Man ceased publishing. The game was played at the home of Walter Arensberg. (source: Tomkins, Duchamp: A Biography, 1996, p. 198 and Winter Notes, #2671)

In 1917, he created his first readymade, a coat rack nailed to the floor. He named this Trebuchet, or trap, after a chess jargon for a pawn placed so as to trap an opponent's pieces.

In 1917, Duchamp sent a urinal, called Fountain, to the first exhibition of the Society of Independent Artists, in which Duchamp was a founding member. However, the work was excluded and Duchamp resigned from the society.

Duchamp's official last painting was made in 1918. In December, 1918, he moved to Buenos Aires to avoid being drafted in military service in the United States. He spent most of the time playing chess, joined a local chess club, and took chess lessons from a local master. He remained in Argentina for 9 months.

While in Buenos Aires, he started two games simultaneously by cable with Walter Arensberg in New York. He invented a code for transmitting the moves so that costs would be minimal. He also designed a set of rubber stamps for recording chess positions.

In 1919, in a letter he wrote to the Stettheimer sisters, "My attention is so completely absorbed by chess. I play day and night, and nothing interests me more than finding the right move.... I like painting less and less."

In 1919, while in Buenos Aires, he often played chess with local players. He carved his own chess set from wood with help from a local craftsman who made the knights.

In 1919, he designed a chess set with a traveling foldaway table and a board that has two stopwatches for timed games.

In 1919, he scandalized Paris and the international chess world by drawing a moustache and goatee to a reproduction of the Mona Lisa. He called it L.H.O.O.Q. In French, the letters sound like "elle a chand au cul." meaning "she has a hot ass."

In December 1919, Duchamp showed Henri-Pierre Roch�, a French diplomat and writer, his newly designed chess set. Fearing that it would disappear, Roch� asked if he could arrange for the chess set to be cast. Roche noted in his diary on December 20, 1919, that the pieces were reproduces very beautifully. (source: Naumann, "Color-Coded Chromatic Chess," 2005, toutfait.com - http://www.toutfait.com/color-coded-chromatic-chess/)

In 1920, he moved to New York and lived at 246 West 73rd Street in Manhattan. He joined the Marshall Chess Club which was then located above the Pepper Pot Restaurant on 8th Street in Greenwich Village. He played there every evening.

In 1920, Duchamp wrote a letter to his sister and husband, suggesting that was going to launch a new form of chess with colored pieces.

In 1922, he participated in the Metropolitan Chess League and was on the winning team (Marshall Chess Club). He also played Capablanca, who was giving a 21-board simultaneous exhibition. Duchamp lost, but that motivated him to study chess harder.

Starting in 1923, he devoted most of his time to chess, abandoning his career as an artist. He was a member of the Rouen Chess Club in Normandy.

In February 1923, Duchamp moved to Brussels to study chess with Edmond Lancel, editor of L'Echiquier, at the Le Cygne chess club, located at the Hotel Le Cygne.

In June 1923, Duchamp played in the Belgian interclub games in Ghent.

In October 1923, Duchamp played in the Belgium chess championship, held in Brussels. He scored 7.5 out of 10 and took 3rd place (won by George Koltanowski). He then went back to Paris.

Marcel Duchamp — George Koltanowski, Brussels (3), 1923 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nxc3 6.bxc3 Bg7 7.f4 c5 8.Bb5+ Bd7 9.Bxd7+ Nxd7 10.e5 cxd4 11.cxd4 0-0 12.Nf3 e6 13.0-0 Nb6 14.Ba3 Re8 15.Qb3 Bf8 16.Rfc1 Bxa3 17.Qxa3 Qd7 18.Rc2 Rec8 19.Rac1 Rxc2 20.Rxc2 Nd5 21.Qc1 a5 22.g4 Nb4 23.Rc7 Qd5 24.Qe3? [24.Kg2 Nxa2 (24...Qxa2+ 25.Kg3) 25.Qd2] 24...Qxa2 25.f5?? [25.Rxb7] 25...exf5 [25...Nd5!] 26.gxf5?? [26.Rxb7] 26...Qb1+ [26...Nd5!] 27.Rc1? [27.Kf2] 27...Qxf5 28.Ng5 Nd5 29.Qg3 Nf4 30.Qh4 Qxg5+ [30...Qxg5+ 31.Qxg5 Nh3+] 0—1

In 1924, Duchamp played in the World Amateur Championship in Paris (scoring 6 out of 14).

In 1924, he won the chess championship of Haute Normandie.

In June 1924, he played in the Brussels championship (won by Edgar Colle), taking 4th place.

In July 1924, Duchamp represented France on Board 3 in the unofficial Paris Chess Olympiad, which coincided with the 8th Summer Olympic Games in Paris. He won 3, drew 2, and lost 3 in the Consolation Cup.

In September 1924, Duchamp played in the 3rd French Chess championship in Strasbourg. Duchamp won 3, drew 2, and lost 7. The event was won by Robert Cr�peaux.

In 1924, Duchamp appeared in a scene from Ren� Clair's short film, Entr'acte. He is seen setting on the edge of a roof of the Th��tre des Champs-�lys�es in Paris playing chess with Man Ray (1890-1976). The scene was filmed by Clair on May 28, 1924.

In August 1925, he designed the poster for the 4th French Chess Championship held in Nice from September 2 to September 11. He played in the event, with 3 wins, 3 losses, and 2 draws and taking 6th place. He was awarded the title of chess master by the French Chess Federation (Federation Francaise des Echecs). The event was won by Robert Crepeux, who won it in 1924.

In December 1925, he tied for 5th in a Paris masters tournament. He had 3 wins, 3 draws, and 3 losses.

On June 8, 1927, Marcel Duchamp married Lydie Sarazin-Lavassor. It may have been a marriage of convenience. She was the daughter of a wealthy automobile manufacturer, and her marriage contract was to have supplied him with a steady source of income while he painted and played chess. During his honeymoon, he went every day to a chess club in Nice. When he returned, he spent several more hours studying chess positions. His marriage lasted only six months because of his obsession to chess. He spent most of his time playing chess around Nice, France. One story (told by his friend Man Ray) is that his bride was so frustrated at him for playing chess that she glued all the chess pieces to the board while he was asleep. They were divorced on January 25, 1928.

In September, 1927, he participated in the 5th French championship, held in Chamonix. That event was won by Andre Cheron. Duchamp took 7th with 2 wins, 1 draw, and 4 losses.

In 1927, he played in the Paris championship, taking 4th place. He won 6, drew 4, and lost 3.

In February 1928, Marcel Duchamp shared 1st place in the Philidor Challenge Cup at Hyeres with Vitaly Halberstadt (1903-1967) of Russia and John James O'Hanlon (1874-1960) of Ireland. He had 5 wins, 2 draws, and 1 loss. In the final round, O'Hanlon lost to Duchamp after accidently touching a pawn without saying, "J'Adoube." Duchamp insisted that O'Hanlon move the pawn, which caused the loss of the game for O'Hanlon. (source: Belfast News Letter, Feb 9, 1928, p. 10)

In July-August 1928, Duchamp played on the French team at the 2nd International Team Chess Tournament (Chess Olympiad) in The Hague. He played Board 3 and won 1 game (defeating Vladimir Petrov of Latvia), drew 11, and lost 4. He lost one game, to Hans Mueller, in 10 moves, the shortest game of the Olympiad.

In September 1928, he played in the 7th French championship, held in Marseilles. He had 2 wins, 2 draws, and 4 losses. That event was won by Amedee Gibaud.

In June 1929, Marcel Duchamp defeated George Koltanowski in 15 moves in a Paris tournament. It was Duchamp's only win. He took last place with 1 win, 2 draws, and 8 losses.

George Koltanowski - Marcel Duchamp, Paris (8), 1929 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 d6 4.e4 b6 5.f4 Bb7 6.Bd3 Nbd7 7.Nf3 e5 8.d5 g6 9.0-0 exf4 10.Bxf4 Bg7 11.e5 dxe5 12.Nxe5 0-0 13.Qd2 [13.Nf3] 13...Nxd5 14.Nxd7? [14.Nxg6 hxg6 15.cxd5] 14...Nxf4 15.Nxf8?? [15.Be4] 15...Bd4+ [15...Bd4+ 16.Kh1 (16.Rf2 Nxd3) 16...Bxg2+] 0—1

In 1930, he played his greatest number of tournament chess games.

In February 1930, he played in an international tournament in Nice. He won 3, drew 3, and lost 5.

In May 1930, he played in an international tournament in Paris. He took last place with no wins, 2 draws, and 5 losses.

In July 1930, he played on the French team at the 3rd Chess Olympiad in Hamburg. He played board 4 (Alexander Alekhine played board 1, winning 9 out of 9). He won 1, drew 6, and lost 8.

In October 1930, Duchamp contributed 6 chess diagrams and text for Andr� Breton's Le Surr�alisme magazine.

In March 1931, he played at an international tournament in Nice. He took last place win no wins, 3 draws, and 3 losses. (source: British Chess Magazine, May 1931, p. 201)

In July 1931, he played the reserve board for the French team at the 4th chess Olympiad in Prague. He won 1, drew 3, and lost 5.

In 1931, he was a member of the board of the French Chess Federation and was a delegate to FIDE until 1937.

In the 1930s, he started playing correspondence chess and won several correspondence tournaments. He also became a chess journalist. He wrote weekly newspaper chess columns for the Paris daily newspaper, Ce Soir.

In June 1932, along with Vitaly Halbertstadt (1903-1967), Duchamp wrote L'opposition et cases conjugu�es sont r�concili�es (Opposition and Sister Squares are Reconciled). It was published in a limited edition of 1,000 copies by Edmond Lancel, in Brussels. It is a study of some endgames, including one that arose from Lasker vs Reicheim in 1901. It was written in French, English, and German. Later, Stefano Roselli del Turco accused the co-authors of plagiarizing their book from a similar book by Rinaldo Bianchetti, written in Florence, Italy in 1925. Duchamp denied the charge.

In August 1932, he won the Paris Championship. He scored 3 wins and 2 draws.

In September 1932, Duchamp tied for 4th place in the 11th French Chess Championship, held in La Baule. (source: http://heritageechecsfra.free.fr/1932.htm)

In June 1933, he played on the French team at the 5th Chess Olympiad in Folkestone. He played board 4. He won 1, drew 2, and lost 9 for a 16.7% winning percentage. The other board members of the French team were Alexander Alekhine (1892-1946), Victor Khan (1889-1971), Louis Betbeder (1901-1986), and Andre Voison.

Duchamp's total Chess Olympiad result over the years was 4 wins, 22 draws, and 26 losses.

In 1934, he won the Internationaler Fernschachbund (IFSB), the European correspondence chess championship. He scored 9 out of 10 (8 wins, 2 draws, and no losses).

From 1934 to 1939, he played in the first correspondence Olympiad, and went undefeated.

Around 1935, he designed and had made a pocket chess set with celluloid pieces. He made about 20 pocket chess sets for his friends.

On June 15, 1935, Duchamp was part of a chess team with Pierre Biscay and Marcel Berman that beat Alexander Alekhine in a 36- team simultaneous exhibition played in Paris.

In 1935, Duchamp was the captain of the French team of the 1st International Chess by Correspondence Olympiad and remained undefeated in the event.

From 1937 to 1941, Duchamp wrote a weekly chess column for Ce Soir newspaper.

By 1940, Duchamp realized that his ambition to be a great chess player was hopeless.

In 1941, Duchamp's good friend Henri-Pierre Roche wrote that "Duchamp needed a good game of chess like a baby needs a bottle."

In May 1942, Duchamp was in Casablanca with 400 other refugees to await transport by plane to Lisbon. He was in Casablanca for 18 days and passed the time playing chess.

On June 7, 1942, Duchamp boarded a Portuguese ship in Lisbon and arrive in New York City on June 25, 1942.

In July 1942, Duchamp settled permanently in New York to avoid the hardships of World War II in Europe. He discovered that his old friend, George Koltanowski, worked nearby as a diamond cutter on West 36th Street in Manhattan.

In October 1942, Duchamp established a studio on the 5th floor at 210 West 14th Street in Manhattan. He kept this studio until he died in 1968.

In 1942, Duchamp and George Koltanowski formed the Greenwich Village Chess Club. They played chess together here or at the Marshall Chess Club, or in Manhattan's Washington Square Park.

In the mid-1940s, Duchamp began an affair with Maria Martins. Her husband was the Brazilian ambassador in the United States.

In 1943, the Greenwich Village Chess Club played one match against the London Terrace Chess Club in New York.

In 1943, he designed a pocket chess set with a leather wallet, celluloid pieces and pin attachments, which he called 'Rectified Readymade.' George Koltanowski promoted Duchamp's pocket chess set. About 150 pocket chess sets were made. Some were assembled in pocket chessboards, and some of the pocket chess sets were signed. Magnetic chessboards were not available in 1943, so pins were used to hold the pieces in place.

On March 10, 1944, George Koltanowski and Marcel Duchamp sat down in New York for a game of chess. Koltanowski won and Duchamp presented Kolty a smoking pipe.

Marcel Duchamp — George Koltanowski, New York, 1944, 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.e3 Bg7 5.Nf3 0-0 6.Be2 c5 7.0-0 cxd4 8.exd4 Nc6 9.Bf4 Bg4 10.c5 Ne4 11.Ne5 [11.h3] 11...Bxe2 12.Nxe2? [12.Nxc6 Bxd1 13.Nxd8 Nxc3 14.bxc3 Be2] 12...Nxe5 13.dxe5 [13.Bxe5 Bxe5 14.dxe5 Nxc5] 13...Nxc5 14.Nd4 Qd7 15.Re1 Rac8 16.Qd2 [16.Rc1] 16...Ne6 [16...Qa4] 17.Rac1 [17.g3] 17...Rxc1 18.Rxc1 Nxf4 19.Qxf4 Rc8 20.Rc3?? [20.Rxc8+ Qxc8 21.g4] 20...Rxc3 21.bxc3 Qc7 22.Nf3 Qxc3 23.h3 Qc4 24.Qg5 [24.Qd2 a6] 24...f6 25.exf6 Bxf6 26.Qe3 d4 27.Qf4 Qxa2 28.Ne5 Qb1+ 29.Kh2 Qf5 0—1

From December 12, 1944 to January 31, 1945, Marcel Duchamp organized an "Imagery of Chess" exhibition at the Marshall Chess Club and the Julien Levy Gallery (4th floor at 42 East 57th Street). He invited artists to redesign the standard chess sets or create works that explored the symbolism of chess. Duchamp designed the catalog and was the arbiter in a blindfold match given by George Koltanowski on 7 boards, played on January 6, 1945. The seven players were: Julien Levy, Frederick Kiesler, Alfred Barr, Vittorio Rieti, Xanti Schawinsky, Dorothea Tanning, and Max Ernst. Marcel Duchamp was his teller who called out the moves. Kolty won 6 and drew one (to Kiesler). (source: The New Yorker, Jan 6, 1945)

In 1946, Duchamp and Koltanowski were partners in a company that made pocket chess sets. They called their company "Chess for All" and sold the pocket chess sets for $5.00 each.

In February 1947, Marcel Duchamp joined the London Terrace Chess Club in New York.

On March 15, 1947, Duchamp played Board 1 for the London Terrace Chess Club against the Log Cabin Chess Club of New Jersey. The match was part of the Metropolitan Chess League. Duchamp drew his game. (source: Chess Life, April 7, 1947, p. 3)

In August 1947, he played in a chess tournament in New Jersey.

In September 1947, Duchamp won the Class A Consolation Prize at the New York State Chess Championship in Endicott, NY. (source: Chess Life, Sep 20, 1947, p. 1)

In 1948, he took 1st place in the preliminaries of the New York State Chess Association. The event was won by Larry Evans.

In December 1948, Marcel Duchamp served as the French umpire for a cable match between Paris and New York. (source Chess Life, Dec 20, 1948, p. 1)

In 1949, he went 6-0 in the preliminaries of the New York State Chess Association in Rochester and won the Class A prize. The event was won by Max Pavey.

In 1950, he played in the New York State championship in Binghamton, New York. He won 5 and lost 4. The event was won by Eliot Hearst.

In 1951, he participated in the New York State championship in Syracuse, New York. He won 4, lost 4, and drew 1. The event was won by James Sherwin.

In 1951, Marcel Duchamp was rated 2023.

In 1952, Duchamp was rated 2037.

He once observed "I am still a victim of chess. It has all the beauty of art - and much more. It cannot be commercialized; Chess is much purer than art in its social position." (source: "Art: A Family Affair," Time Magazine, Mar 10, 1952)

In the April 28, 1952 issue of Life magazine, there is a picture of Duchamp playing chess. The photographer was Eliot Elisofon (1911-1973).

In August 1952, Duchamp gave a speech at a banquet during the New York State Chess Association annual meeting in Cazenovia. He said, "Beauty in chess is closer to beauty in poetry; the chess pieces are the block alphabet which shapes thoughts; and these thoughts, although making a visual design on the chess-board, express their beauty abstractly, like a poem... From my close contacts with artists and chess players, I have come to the personal conclusion that while all artists are not chess players, all chess players are artists." At the banquet, Duchamp was presented with a handsome pipe-lighter. (source: Chess Life, Sep 20, 1952, p. 6)

He participated in the 1952 New York State Chess Championship, won by John Collins. Duchamp took 16th place.

In 1953, he played in the New York State championship in Cazenova. Duchamp took 15th place.

In 1954, he married Alexina "Teeny" Sattler Matisse (1906-1995), who did play chess. She joined the Marshall Chess Club and was an enthusiastic player. She was the former wife of Pierre Matisse, son of Henri Matisse.

In 1955, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States.

In August-September 1955, he played in the 77th New York State Chess Association Chess Championship, held in Cazenovia, New York. He tied for 14th with 4 wins, and 4 losses.

In 1956, a well-known indoor photograph was taken of Duchamp playing chess with Man Ray in Paris.

In 1957, Irish playwright Samuel Beckett wrote a play called Endgame based on Duchamp's endgame work.

In August 1957, he played in the New York State championship in Binghamton. The event was won by August Rankis. Duchamp won 4, lost 4, and drew 1.

In 1958, he won the London Terrace Chess Club Championship at the age of 71.

In 1959, he was a member of the board of directors of the American Chess Foundation. He also won the London Terrace Chess Club championship at the age of 72.

In 1959, Duchamp was living at 28 West 10th Street in Manhattan.

On October 10, 1960, he wrote a letter on behalf of the American Chess Federation (ACF), encouraging his friends and acquaintances to contribute to an auction to help finance the ACF.

In March, 1961, Duchamp, who lived in Greenwich Village, played a chess game by telegraph with a small team of Amsterdam school boys during an exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in Amsterdam called Bewogen Beweging (Moving Motion). A move a day was sent. Duchamp eventually won in 31 moves. He was 74. The Dutch players included Hans Ree, Tim Krabbe, Herman Grimme, and Hans Lauring.

In 1961, during an interview, he was asked what chess was. He said, "Chess is a sport. A violent sport. This detracts from it most artistic connections."

In 1963, at a retrospective exhibition, he played chess with a nude woman at the Pasadena Museum of Art.

In 1964, a French movie was made called Game of Chess with Marcel Duchamp. There is a long interview with Duchamp about chess. The movie won the grand prix for the short subject category at the 7th Annual Bergamo Film Festival.

In 1965, Duchamp was living at room 403, 80 East 11th Street, Manhattan.

In late 1965, he organized a chess exhibition called Hommage � Caissa. He produced 30 'ReadyMade' chess sets and sold them at the Cordier & Elkstrom Gallery in New York. In this exhibition, he played chess with Salvador Dali, and Andy Warhol had the band Velvet Underground sent to provide the background music. Duchamp raised over $32,000 to support the American Chess Foundation (ACF). Duchamp founded the Marcel Duchamp Chess Endowment Fund to support American chess.

In 1967, he played in a chess tournament in Monte Carlo.

In March, 1968, he played a chess game with avant-garde composer John Cage (1912-1992) at the Ryerson Polytechnic in Toronto, in which music was produced by a series of photoelectric cells underneath each square of the chessboard as the chess pieces moved about the board. The electronic chess game/concert/artwork was called Reunion. Duchamp won the game.

He died on October 2, 1968 in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France, a French commune just west of Paris. He was 81 years old. (source: Chess Life, Nov 1968, p. 424)

Some of his chess quotes are as follows:

"Chess has no social purpose. That, above all, is important."

"Chess is purer, socially, than painting, for you can't make money out of it." - New York Times, 1956.

His four most famous chess paintings are:

The Chess Game (1910)
The Chess Players (1911)
Joueurs d'echecs (Portrait of Chess Players) (1911)
King and Queen Surrounded by Swift Nudes (1912)

Hans Mueller - M. Duchamp, 2nd Chess Olympiad, The Hague 1928 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e5 3.Nf3 Nc6 4.d4 exd4 5.Nxd4 Bb4 6.Bg5 h6 7.Bh4 Ne4 8.Bxd8 Nxc3 9.Nxc6 Nxd1+ 10.Nxb4 1-0

S. Gudmundsson - M. Duchamp, Olympiad, Hamburg 1930 1.c4 Nf6 2.Nc3 e6 3.e4 d5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.e5 d4 6.exf6 dxc3 7.fxg7 cxd2+ 8.Bxd2 Bxg7 9.Qc2 Qe7+ 10.Be2 Be6 11.Nf3 Nc6 12.O-O O-O 13.Bd3 h6 14.a3 Rad8 15.Rac1 Ne5 16.Be4 Nxf3+ 17.Bxf3 c5 18.Rfe1 b6 19.Bc3 Bd4 20.Bg4 Qf6 21.Bxe6 fxe6 22.Re2 e5 23.Rce1 Qf5 24.Qxf5 Rxf5 25.Kf1 Rdf8 26.f3 h5 27.Rd1 h4 28.h3 Kg7 29.Re4 Rf4 30.Rxe5 Bxc3 31.bxc3 Ra4 32.Ra1 Kf6 33.Re3 b5 34.Ke2 Rg8 35.Kf2 Kf5 36.Re7 Rd8 37.Ke2 a5 38.Rh7 Kg6 39.Re7 Rd5 40.Re4 Rg5 41.Rxa4 bxa4 42.Rg1 c4 43.Kf2 Rb5 44.g3 Rb3 45.gxh4+ Kh5 46.f4 Kxh4 47.f5 Rb5 48.Rg4+ Kh5 49.Rxc4 Rxf5+ 50.Ke3 Kg6 51.Rxa4 Kf6 52.Re4 Rd5 53.Rd4 Rg5 54.Rg4 Rd5 55.Rf4+ Ke5 56.Re4+ Kf5 57.Rd4 Rc5 58.Kd3 Ke6 59.h4 Kf6 60.c4 Rh5 61.Re4 Kf7 62.Kd4 Rf5 63.a4 Rf1 64.c5 Kf6 65.Kd5 Rd1+ 66.Rd4 Rf1 67.Kd6 Rb1 68.c6 1-0

Frank Marshall - M. Duchamp, Olympiad, Hamburg 1930 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 b6 3.c4 e6 4.Bg5 Be7 5.Nc3 Bb7 6.Qc2 d5 7.e3 O-O 8.cxd5 Nxd5 9.Bxe7 Qxe7 10.Nxd5 Bxd5 11.Bd3 h6 12.a3 c5 13.dxc5 Rc8 14.b4 bxc5 15.Rc1 Nd7 16.Ba6 Rc7 17.e4 Bb7 18.Bxb7 Rxb7 19.bxc5 Qxc5 20.O-O Qxc2 21.Rxc2 Kf8 22.Rfc1 Ke7 23.Nd4 Ke8 24.f4 Rab8 25.e5 Nf8 26.Rc5 Rb1 27.Rxb1 Rxb1+ 28.Kf2 Rb7 29.Rc8+ Ke7 30.Ra8 Ng6 31.g3 Kd7 32.a4 Ne7 33.Nb5 Nc8 34.g4 Rxb5 35.axb5 Kc7 36.g5 hxg5 37.b6+ Kb7 38.Rxc8 Kxc8 1/2-1/2

References:

Bailey, "The Bachelors: Pawns in Duchamp's Great Game" - http://www.toutfait.com/issues/issue_3/Articles/bailey/bailey.html
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Cros, Marcel Duchamp, 2013
Di Felice, Chess Results
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Lancaster, From Art to Performance: Marcel Duchamp's Imagery of Chess Exhibition at the Julien Levy Gallery, University of Oregon Thesis, June 2015
Marcel Duchamp - http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessplayer?pid=36967
Rabinovich, Dr. Celia, "A Chess Romance: Marcel Duchamp and George Koltanowski," 2015-2017
Schwarz, The Complete Works of Marcel Duchamp, 1969
Spivey, "Readymake: Duchamp Chess Set," - https://www.3dprintmakers.com/collection/3d-printed-games/item/readymake-duchamp-chess-set
"The Private Worlds of Marcel Duchamp," — UC Press E-Books Collection - https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft9h4nb688&chunk.id=d0e27&toc.depth=1&toc.id=&brand=ucpress
Tomkins, Duchamp: A Biography, 1966
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Wall, "The Art of Chess," White Knight Review, March-April 2011, p. 6
Winter, Chess Notes

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