Pierre Charles Fournier de Saint-Amant

Pierre Charles Fournier (Fournie) de Saint-Amant was born in Chateau Latour (a French wine estate) in the Bordeaux region of France on September 12, 1800.

From 1819 to 1821, he served as the secretary to the governor of French Guiana. He was dismissed from that appointment after he protested against the slave trade in French Guiana.

Saint-Amant returned to Paris, joined the theatrical profession, and appeared at the Theatre Francais as a comedian.

In 1823, Saint-Amant saw an opening in the wholesale wine trade and became a wine merchant.

Around 1823, Saint-Amant learned chess from Wilhelm (William) Schlumberger (1800-1838), a European chess master. Schlumberger (sometimes called Mulhouse) started teaching chess as the Café de la Regence and Saint-Amant was one of his pupils. Schlumberger soon left France to become an operator in the Turk automaton.

Saint-Amant played chess at the Café de la Regence, where he was also a student of Alexandre Deschapelles (1780-1847). Saint-Amant played every afternoon until his wife, Francoise, came by, tapped on the window-pane with her umbrella, summoning him home for dinner.

In 1834-36, Saint-Amant lead a Paris team that won two correspondence games in a match against the Westminster Club at Huttman’s (founded by George Walker), then the leading chess club in England. In their game with the Black pieces, he recommended 1…e6, which became known as the French Defense.

In 1835, Jozsef Szen (1805-1857) visited Paris and tried to play a chess match with Saint-Amant. Saint-Amant refused the request, and Szen later played La Bourdonnais.

In 1835, Saint-Amant played a match and lost against Jacquest Francois Mouret (1787-1837), a French master who was also the operator of The Turk, a famous chess-playing automaton.

In June 1836, Saint-Amant paid his first business trip to London as a wine merchant. He visited both the Westminster Chess Club and the London Chess Club. He met and defeated George Walker (1803-1879) in a match with 5 wins, 1 draw, and 3 losses. He then defeated W. Fraser with 1 win and 2 draws. Saint-Amant had a reputation of being a slow player, but he was the first player to ever suggest a time limit.

In 1837, he played a match and lost against Hyacinthe Henri Boncourt (1765-1840). The match took place at the house of Aaron Alexandre (1765-1850), the founder of the Chess Club in Paris.

In 1839, he visited London and played chess at some of London’s best chess clubs.

In 1840, after Louis-Charles Mahe La Bourdonnais’ death (born in 1795), Saint-Amant was considered France’s best chess player, although Deschapelles may have been stronger until he died in 1847 at the age of 67. Around 1840, Saint-Amant played a long series of about 35 games with Boncourt. Boncourt was said to be about 3 games up during the match.

In December 1841, he revived Le Palamede chess magazine, the world’s first chess periodical and the only chess periodical in Europe at the time. It had been edited by La Bourdonnais from 1836 to 1840. Saint-Amant was the editor until the end of 1847. He lived at rue Saint-Thomas-du-Louvre in Paris at the time.

In 1842, he visited London and lost a match against John Cochrane (1798-1878), losing 6 games, drawing 1 game, and winning 4 games.

In 1842, Saint-Amant headed a group of Paris chess players in a correspondence game against players in Budapest. The match lasted until 1846, in which the Budpest players, under the direction of Szen, won both games.

In 1843, he played two matches with Howard Staunton (1810-1874). From April 28 to May 6, 1843, the two played an informal match. Saint-Amant won the first match in London with 3 wins, 1 draw, and 2 losses. His winnings added up to one guinea. The bet was one guinea per game.

From November 14 to December 20, 1843, Saint-Amant played his second match with Staunton at the Cercle des Echecs, adjoining the Café de la Regence in Paris. Captain Harry Wilson, a second to Staunton, kept the time of each player for the first 15 games before he had to return to England. Wilson’s time study showed that Saint-Amant used 3 hours to Staunton’s one hour. Some of the games lasted over 9 hours in one sitting. One game lasted 14.5 hours played over two days. John Worrel was another of Staunton’s seconds who helped him in the match.

Saint-Amant decisively lost his second match against Staunton. Saint-Amant won 6, drew 4, and lost 11 games. Staunton earned 100 British pounds (about $500 in today’s currency) for his efforts. There were no allowance to cover Staunton’s living expense for 6 weeks, and Staunton lost money on the short term. He did gain bragging rights of being the strongest player in the world. This second match is sometimes considered an unofficial world championship match.

A painting of the match between Staunton and Saint-Amant (game 19, played on December 16, 1843) was made by Jean Henri Marlet (1771-1847). Saint-Amant bought the painting for 500 francs. He then handed over the painting to the engraver, Alexandre Laemlein. The latter did not engrave from the original painting. The engraver made a copy of the painting, but substituted several well-known characters in the chess world for some of the persons in the original. These characters were not present at the match. Saint-Amant thought he was dealing with the original painting and published the altered engraving in his chess magazine, Le Palamede, without mentioning the painter, Marlet, but mentioning Laemlien the engraver. Marlet then brought action against Le Palamede for publishing his painting with Saint-Amant’s consent and asked for damages because his name was omitted. Marlet was awarded 200 francs in damages, and Saint-Amant was ordered to have Marlet’s name added to all future copies.

Toward the end of 1844, Staunton returned to Paris for a third match with Saint-Amant, but soon fell ill with pneumonia. He was sick for several months before he returned to London. The winner of the match would have received the equivalent of $750 in today’s currency.

In May 1847, Saint-Amant went to England to attend the Yorkshire Chess Festival.

In February 1848, he was captain in the French National Guard. During that period, a revolution broke out and he was able to save the Palais des Tuilereis, a royal and imperial palace in Paris, from destruction by the mob. King Louis Philippe I (a chess player) had to abandon his palace there. He was made its Governor for a few months.

In May 1851, Saint-Amant was a spectator at the great 1851 Tournament on London. He was a frequent visitor of the Westminster and St. George’s Chess Clubs.

On July 21, 1851, Saint-Amant and his wife arrived in San Francisco as the French consul to California. California had just become the 31st state on September 9, 1850. During that time, he wrote “Voyages en Califonie et dans l’Oregon.” It was considered the most comprehensive and important work on California published in French. His wife also wrote a book on the California gold rush adventures.

In 1852, he drew a match against Charles Henry Stanley (1819-1901), played in New York. He won 4 and lost 4. Stanley is considered as the first chess champion of the United States. Saint-Amant worked for the French consulate and Stanley worked for the British consulate.

In September 1856, Saint-Amant traveled to England and paid a visit to the Leeds Chess Club and played several of its members.

In August 1858, Saint-Amant played in the Birmingham tournament. He won in the first round (a knockout tournament) against Beetlestone (winning 2 games), but lost in the second round against Ernst Falkbeer (1819-1885), with 1 win and 2 losses.

He returned to Paris and was able to play Paul Morphy in a few chess games. During his farewell dinner in Paris, Paul Morphy proposed this toast to Saint- Amant:  "To Saint Amant, so long devoted to the chess cause, and who has always so well served it with the triple talent of his brilliant play, his spoken word and his written word."

Saint-Amant teamed up with M. Florimond de Basterot, but the two lost to Morphy in 22 moves.

In 1861, he retired to Birmandreis, near Hydra, Algiers,Algeria in Northern Africa.

In 1870, Saint-Amant played his last serious game when he visited London and played a chess game for the Westminster Chess Club.

He wrote several books on the French colonies.

He died at 3 pm on October 28, 1872 (some sources say it was Oct 9; others say Oct 25 or Oct 29) after being thrown from his carriage at his chateau near Algiers. His body was interned at the Cemetery of Birmandreis.

Here are all 21 games from the 1843 match in Paris, perhaps the first unofficial world championship match.

Saint Amant P - Staunton H, Paris (1) 1843
1.e4 c5 2.f4 e6 3.Nf3 Nc6 4.c3 d5 5.e5 Nh6 [or 5...Bd7 or 5...Nge7] 6.Na3 [perhaps 6.d4 is better] Be7 7.Nc2 f5 [or 7...O-O] 8.d4 O-O 9.Be2 Bd7 10.O-O Rc8 11.Kh1 cxd4 12.cxd4 Nf7 13.Rg1 Kh8 14.g4?! [14.Bd2 or 14.b3] 14...fxg4 15.Rxg4 Nh6 16.Rg3 [slightly better may be 16.Rg2] 16...Be8 [or 16...Nf5] 17.Bd3?! [17.Ng5 may be best] 17...Bh5 18.Qg1 Bh4 [18...Nf5 19.Rh3 Bxf3+ is good] 19.Nxh4 Qxh4 20.Ne1 Nb4 21.Bd2? [21.Ng2 and 22.Bb1 should be played] 21...Nxd3 22.Rxd3 Bg6 23.Qg3 [better may be 23.Ng2] Qh5 24.Rb3 Qe2 [or 24...Be4+ 25.Kg1 Nf5] 25.Qe3?? [better resistance with 25.Nf3 Be4 26.Rg1 Nf5 27.Qg2] Qf1+ 26.Qg1 Be4+ [Black wins too much material now] 27.Rf3 Bxf3+ 28.Nxf3 Qxf3+ 29.Qg2 Qxg2+ 30.Kxg2 Rc2 31.Rd1 Rxf4 32.Kg3 Rxd4 33.Bxh6 Rxd1 0-1

Staunton H - Saint Amant P, Paris (2) 1843
1.d4 c5 2.d5 f5?! [more common is 2...Nf6] 3.Nf3 d6 4.Nc3 Nf6 5.Bg5 e5 [or 5...Ne4] 6.e4 [better may be 6.dxe6 dxe6 7.e4] 6...a6 7.exf5 Bxf5 8.Nh4 [or 8.Bd3] Bc8 9.Bd3 g6 [9...Be7 or 9...b5 are alternatives] 10.O-O Be7 11.f4 c4?! [or 11...O-O or 11...Nbd7] 12.Bxc4 exf4? [Black should try 12...b5 or 12...Nh5 or 12...Ng5] 13.Rxf4 Nbd7 14.Qd4 Ne5 15.Re1 Nfd7 [best may be 15...Nfg4] 16.Bxe7 Qxe7 17.Ne4 Rf8 18.Rxf8+ Qxf8 [or 18...Kxf8 19.Qf2+ Nf7] 19.Nxd6+ Kd8? [Black should play 19...Qxd6] 20.Rxe5! Qxd6 21.Re3 [or 21.Re6] Kc7 22.Bb3 a5 [other ideas are 22...Kb8 and 22...Nc5] 23.Nf3 Nf6 24.c4 [or 24.Ne5 or 24.Ng5] 24...b6 25.Ne5 a4 26.Bc2 [White can also play 26.Nf7] 26...a3? [better is 26...Nd7] 27.Nf7 Qc5 28.Qf4+ Kb7 29.b4 Nh5?? [29...Qxb4 30.Qxf6 Qc5, but White wins with 31.Qe7+] 30.Nd8+ Ka6 31.bxc5 Nxf4 32.Rxa3 mate 1-0

Saint Amant P - Staunton H, Paris (3) 1843
1.e4 c5 2.f4 e6 3.Nf3 Nc6 4.c3 d5 5.e5 Bd7 6.Na3 Nge7 7.Nc2 Ng6 8.d4 Rc8 9.a3 Be7 10.Bd3 O-O 11.O-O f5 12.h3 cxd4 13.Ncxd4 Nxd4 14.cxd4 Qb6 15.g3 Rc7 16.Qe2 Rfc8 17.Be3 Be8 18.g4 fxg4 19.hxg4 Nf8 20.Kg2 g6 21.Rac1 Rxc1 22.Rxc1 Rxc1 23.Bxc1 Qd8 24.Kh3 a6 25.Qg2 Bd7 26.Be3 Kh8 27.Nh2 Qb6 28.Qc2 Kg7 29.b4 a5 30.bxa5 Qxa5 31.f5?! [31.Bc1 may be best] 31...exf5 32.gxf5 gxf5 [better may be 32...Qxa3 33.e6 Bc6 and 34...Nf6] 33.Bc1?! [or 33.Bxf5 or 33.Kg2] 33...Qe1 [33...Bxa3 looks good] 34.Kg2 Ng6?! [34...f4 and 35...Qh4 is strong] 35.Nf3 Nh4+ 36.Nxh4 Qxh4 37.Bxf5 Bxf5 38.Qxf5 Qxd4 39.Bg5 Qb2+ 40.Kh1 Qa1+ 41.Kg2 Qa2+ 42.Kh1 Qxa3 43.Bf6+ Bxf6 44.Qxf6+ Kg8 45.Qg5+ Kf7 46.Qf6+ Ke8 47.Qe6+ Qe7 48.Qg8+ Kd7 49.Qxd5+ Kc7 50.Qc4+ Kd8 51.Qg8+ Kc7 52.Qc4+ Kb6 53.Qb3+ Kc6 54.Qc4+ Qc5 55.Qe6+ Kc7 56.Qf7+ Kc6 57.Qe6+ Kc7 1/2-1/2

Staunton H - Saint Amant P, Paris (4) 1843
1.d4 c5 2.d5 f5 3.Nc3 d6 4.e4 fxe4 5.Nxe4 e5 6.Bg5 Qa5+ 7.c3 Bf5 8.Ng3 Bg6 9.Bd3 Bxd3 10.Qxd3 g6 11.N1e2 Be7 12.Ne4 Qb6 13.O-O Nd7 14.Bxe7 Nxe7 15.Ng5 h6 16.Ne6 Nf8 17.Nxf8 Rxf8 18.b4 cxb4 19.cxb4 Kf7 20.Kh1 Kg7 21.f4 Rad8 22.Rad1 h5 23.Qc3 Qb5 24.Qd2 Rf5 25.Ng3 Rf6 26.fxe5 Rxf1+ 27.Rxf1 dxe5 28.Qg5 Rd7 29.Qxe5+ Kh6 30.Qh8+ Kg5 31.Ne4+ Kg4 32.h3+ Kh4 33.Rf4# 1-0

Saint Amant P - Staunton H, Paris (5) 1843
1.e4 c5 2.f4 e6 3.Nf3 Nc6 4.c3 d5 5.e5 Qb6 6.Bd3 Bd7 7.Bc2 Rc8 8.O-O Nh6 9.h3 Be7 10.Kh2 f5 11.a3 a5 12.a4 Nf7 13.d4 h6 14.Re1 g6 15.Na3 cxd4 16.Nxd4 Nxd4 17.cxd4 g5 18.Nb5 Bxb5 19.axb5 Rc4 20.Bd3 Rc8 21.Be2 gxf4 22.Rf1 Ng5 23.Bxf4 Ne4 24.Rc1 Rxc1 25.Qxc1 Kd7 26.Qe3 Bg5 27.Bd3 Rg8 28.Bxe4 dxe4 29.Bxg5 hxg5 30.Qb3 g4 31.Rd1 gxh3 32.Qxh3 Qd8 33.d5 Kc8 34.Qc3+ Kb8 35.d6 f4 36.Qc5 e3 37.Qc2 Qh4+ 38.Kg1 Rc8 39.Qe2 Rh8 0-1

Staunton H - Saint Amant P, Paris (6) 1843
1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 f5 3.e4 d6 4.Bd3 e6 5.exf5 exf5 6.Nh3 Nf6 7.b3 g6 8.O-O Be7 9.Bb2 O-O 10.Nf4 Nc6 11.Ncd5 Nxd5 12.Nxd5 Be6 13.Nxe7+ Qxe7 14.Qe2 Qf7 15.Rae1 Rad8 16.Qxe6 Qxe6 17.Rxe6 Ne5 18.Bc2 Kf7 19.Rxe5 dxe5 20.Bc3 Rfe8 21.f3 h5 22.Re1 Re6 23.b4 b6 24.bxc5 bxc5 25.Kf2 Rde8 26.g3 R8e7 27.h3 Re8 28.d3 R8e7 29.a4 Ke8 30.Rb1 f4 31.a5 Kf7 32.Rb5 Rc7 33.Ba4 Ree7 34.gxf4 exf4 35.Bd2 Re6 36.Bxf4 Rce7 37.Rb2 Ra6 38.Bd2 Rd6 39.Bg5 Ree6 40.Rb7+ Kg8 41.Bd7 Rxd7 42.Rxd7 Ra6 43.Bd2 Kf8 44.Rd5 Rc6 45.Rxc5 Rd6 46.Bb4 Rd8 47.Rc8+ 1-0

Saint Amant P - Staunton H, Paris (7) 1843
1.d4 e6 2.c4 d5 3.e3 c5 4.Nc3 Nf6 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.Bd3 a6 7.O-O Bd6 8.a3 b6 9.Re1 O-O 10.h3 Qc7 11.b3 Ne7 12.Bd2 Bb7 13.cxd5 exd5 14.Kh1 Rae8 15.Ra2 Ne4 16.Bxe4 dxe4 17.Ng1 cxd4 18.exd4 Nf5 19.Nce2 e3 20.fxe3 Rxe3 21.Qc1 Qxc1 22.Rxc1 Rxb3 23.Rc3 Rxc3 24.Bxc3 Nh4 25.Nf3 Nxf3 26.gxf3 Bxf3+ 27.Kg1 Re8 28.Kf2 Bxe2 29.Rxe2 Rxe2+ 30.Kxe2 Bxa3 31.Kd3 f6 32.Ke4 b5 33.Kd5 b4 0-1

Staunton H - Saint Amant P, Paris (8) 1843
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nc6 5.Nf3 Bc5 6.Bd3 Nge7 7.Nc3 a6 8.O-O Ng6 9.Kh1 f6 10.Ne1 O-O 11.f4 Nce7 12.Rf3 d6 13.Rh3 f5 14.exf5 Nxf5 15.Qh5 Kf7 16.Nf3 Rh8 17.g4 Ne7 18.f5 exf5 19.gxf5 Kf8 20.fxg6 Bxh3 21.Qxh3 Qc8 22.Qh4 Qe6 23.Ng5 Qe5 24.Bf4 Nf5 25.Bxe5 Nxh4 26.Rf1+ Ke8 27.Bxg7 Kd7 28.Bxh8 Rxh8 29.Rf7+ Kc6 30.Be4+ d5 31.Bxd5+ Kd6 32.g7 Re8 33.Rf1 Bd4 34.g8=Q Rxg8 35.Bxg8 h6 36.Nge4+ 1-0

Saint Amant P - Staunton H, Paris (9) 1843
1.d4 e6 2.c4 d5 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 c5 5.e3 Nc6 6.a3 b6 7.Bd3 Bd6 8.cxd5 exd5 9.Bb5 Bb7 10.dxc5 Bxc5 11.b4 Bd6 12.Bb2 O-O 13.Ne2 Qe7 14.O-O Rad8 15.Rc1 Ne5 16.Ned4 Nxf3+ 17.Qxf3 Qe5 18.g3 Ne4 19.Qe2 Qg5 20.f4 Qg6 21.Rc2 Bc8 22.f5 Qh6 23.Bd3 Rfe8 24.Bc1 Bd7 25.Qf3 Ba4 26.Rg2 Rc8 27.Re1 Ng5 28.Qxd5 Nh3+ 29.Kf1 Be5 30.Rge2 Bxd4 31.Qxd4 Red8 32.b5 Qh5 33.g4 Rxd4 34.exd4 f6 35.gxh5 1-0

Staunton H - Saint Amant P, Paris (10) 1843
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nc6 5.Nf3 d5 6.exd5 exd5 7.Be3 Nf6 8.Be2 Be7 9.Nbd2 Be6 10.Nb3 O-O 11.O-O Qc7 12.Nfd4 Rad8 13.f4 Bc8 14.c3 a6 15.h3 Rfe8 16.Bd3 Bd6 17.Qf3 Ne4 18.g4 Re7 19.Bxe4 dxe4 20.Qf2 f6 21.Ne2 Rde8 22.Rad1 f5 23.g5 Rf7 24.Kg2 Be6 25.Nbd4 Nxd4 26.Nxd4 Bc4 27.Rh1 Bd3 28.h4 Rff8 29.h5 Qe7 30.Nb3 Rc8 31.Rd2 Rfe8 32.Rhd1 Red8 33.Nc1 Bc7 34.h6 g6 35.Bd4 Bb5 36.Be3 Rxd2 37.Qxd2 Rd8 38.Qc2 Rxd1 39.Qxd1 Qd7 40.Qb3+ Qf7 41.Qd1 Qd7 42.Qc2 Qd5 43.Kf2 Kf7 44.b3 Qc6 45.c4 Bb6 46.Qc3 Bxe3+ 47.Qxe3 Bxc4 48.bxc4 Qxc4 49.Qb3 Qxb3 50.axb3 Ke6 51.Ke3 Kd5 52.Ne2 b5 53.Nd4 Kc5 54.Nxf5 a5 55.Nd4 a4 56.bxa4 bxa4 57.f5 gxf5 58.g6 f4+ 59.Kxe4 f3 60.Nxf3 a3 61.gxh7 1-0

Saint Amant P - Staunton H, Paris (11) 1843
1.d4 e6 2.c4 d5 3.e3 c5 4.Nc3 Nf6 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.a3 b6 7.cxd5 exd5 8.Bb5 Bb7 9.Ne5 Rc8 10.Qa4 Qc7 11.Qxa7 Be7 12.Bxc6+ Bxc6 13.Qxc7 Rxc7 14.Nxc6 Rxc6 15.O-O Kd7 16.Rd1 c4 17.f3 Rd8 18.Bd2 h6 19.Na2 g5 20.Bb4 Re6 21.Bxe7 Rxe7 22.Kf2 g4 23.Nc3 h5 24.Re1 Rde8 25.Re2 h4 26.Rae1 Rg8 27.e4 g3+ 28.Kg1 dxe4 29.Nxe4 Nxe4 30.fxe4 Rg4 31.hxg3 hxg3 32.Re3 b5 33.R1e2 Re8 34.Kf1 Kd6 35.Ke1 Rf4 36.Kd2 f5 37.Rxg3 Rfxe4 38.Rxe4 Rxe4 39.Kc3 Kd5 40.Rf3 f4 41.g3 Re3+ 42.Rxe3 fxe3 43.Kc2 Ke4 44.Kd1 Kd3 45.d5 e2+ 46.Ke1 Kc2 47.d6 Kxb2 48.d7 c3 49.d8=Q c2 50.Qd2 1-0

Staunton H - Saint Amant P, Paris (12) 1843
1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 f5 3.e4 d6 4.Bd3 e6 5.Nh3 Nf6 6.exf5 exf5 7.O-O Be7 8.b3 Nc6 9.Bb2 O-O 10.Nf4 Ng4 11.Nfd5 Bf6 12.Nxf6+ Nxf6 13.Ne2 Ng4 14.f4 b6 15.h3 Nh6 16.Rf3 Qh4 17.Rg3 g6 18.Qe1 Qe7 19.Qf2 Nb4 20.Re1 Bb7 21.Bb1 Rae8 22.Re3 Qd8 23.Ng3 Kf7 24.Qe2 Rxe3 25.dxe3 Qh4 26.Nf1 Ng8 27.Rd1 Rd8 28.Nd2 Qg3 29.Nf1 Qh4 30.Nh2 h6 31.Nf3 Qg3 32.Ne1 Re8 33.Qf2 Qxe3 34.a3 Nc6 35.Nf3 Qxf2+ 36.Kxf2 Re6 37.g4 Nce7 38.Nh4 Be4 39.Bxe4 Rxe4 40.Rxd6 fxg4 41.hxg4 Rxf4+ 42.Kg3 g5 43.Nf3 Re4 44.Rxh6 Re3 45.Rh7+ Ke8 46.Bc1 Rxb3 47.Bxg5 Rxa3 48.Kf4 a5 49.Ne5 Ra1 50.Bxe7 Rf1+ 51.Ke4 Nxe7 52.Rh8+ Rf8 53.Rh6 Ng8 54.Rxb6 Nf6+ 55.Ke3 Nd7 56.Re6+ Kd8 57.Rd6 Ke7 58.Rxd7+ Ke6 59.Rd5 Rf1 60.Nd3 Rg1 61.Nxc5+ Kf6 62.g5+ Kg6 63.Ne4 a4 64.Rd6+ Kf5 65.Rf6+ Ke5 66.Rf8 Re1+ 67.Kd3 Rd1+ 68.Kc2 Rg1 69.Nd2 Kd6 70.Rf5 Kc6 71.Ne4 Rg4 72.Kd3 Kb6 73.Rb5+ Ka6 74.Nc5+ Ka7 75.Nxa4 Ka6 76.Nc5+ Ka7 77.Ne4 Rg1 78.Kd4 Rc1 79.g6 Rd1+ 80.Ke5 Rg1 81.Kf6 Rf1+ 82.Rf5 Rd1 83.g7 Rd8 84.Ke7 Rc8 85.Rf7 Kb6 86.c5+ Kc7 87.Kf6+ Kc6 88.Rf8 Rc7 89.g8=Q 1-0

Saint Amant P - Staunton H, Paris (13) 1843
1.d4 e6 2.c4 d5 3.e3 Nf6 4.Nc3 c5 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.a3 Be7 7.Bd3 O-O 8.O-O b6 9.b3 Bb7 10.cxd5 exd5 11.Bb2 cxd4 12.exd4 Bd6 13.Re1 a6 14.Rc1 Rc8 15.Rc2 Rc7 16.Rce2 Qc8 17.h3 Nd8 18.Qd2 b5 19.b4 Ne6 20.Bf5 Ne4 21.Nxe4 dxe4 22.d5 exf3 23.Rxe6 Qd8 24.Bf6 gxf6 25.Rxd6 Kg7 26.Rxd8 Rxd8 27.Be4 1-0

Staunton H - Saint Amant P, Paris (14) 1843
1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.e3 d6 4.d4 cxd4 5.exd4 e6 6.Nf3 d5 7.a3 Nf6 8.c5 Be7 9.b4 Ne4 10.Ne2 a6 11.Ng3 f5 12.Bd3 Bf6 13.Nh5 O-O 14.Nxf6+ Qxf6 15.Bb2 Bd7 16.O-O h6 17.Ra2 Kh7 18.Ne1 Qg5 19.Ba1 Be8 20.Re2 Bf7 21.f4 Qf6 22.Re3 Rg8 23.Rh3 Bg6 24.Nf3 Rgf8 25.Ne5 Nxe5 26.dxe5 Qe7 27.Bd4 Rf7 28.Be2 Qe8 29.Rff3 Rc7 30.Rb3 Qd7 31.Rhe3 Qe7 32.Rh3 Qe8 33.Qe1 Qe7 34.Rh4 Qe8 35.h3 Qe7 36.g4 Rh8 37.Rd3 Qd8 38.Rd1 Qe7 39.Kh2 Rcc8 40.g5 Kg8 41.gxh6 gxh6 42.Rb1 Kh7 43.Rb2 Rhg8 44.Bd3 Rg7 45.Bxe4 fxe4 46.Rg4 Rcg8 47.Rbg2 Bh5 48.Rxg7+ Rxg7 49.Rxg7+ Qxg7 50.a4 Be8 51.a5 Bb5 52.Qh4 Qf8 53.Kg3 Qg7+ 54.Kf2 Qf8 55.Be3 Bc6 56.Ke1 Ba4 57.Kf2 Bb5 58.Bd4 Bc6 59.Ke3 Qg7 60.Qg4 Qxg4 61.hxg4 Kg6 62.Kf2 1/2-1/2

Saint Amant P - Staunton H, Paris (15) 1843
1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 a6 5.c5 Be7 6.Bg5 O-O 7.e3 b6 8.b4 Bb7 9.Bxf6 Bxf6 10.Bd3 a5 11.a3 Nd7 12.cxb6 cxb6 13.O-O Qe7 14.Qb3 axb4 15.axb4 Rfc8 16.Bb5 Nf8 17.Rfc1 Ng6 18.Be2 Qd8 19.Nb5 Be7 20.Ne1 Ba6 21.f4 Nh4 22.Kf2 Nf5 23.Nf3 Bxb5 24.Rxa8 Rxa8 25.Bxb5 Nd6 26.Bd3 b5 27.Ne5 Nc4 28.Nc6 Qd6 29.Nxe7+ Qxe7 30.Bxc4 dxc4 31.Qb2 Ra4 32.Rb1 Qa7 33.Qc2 g6 34.h4 Qe7 35.Rh1 Qxb4 36.Qe4 Qb2+ 37.Kg3 Ra2 38.Rf1 b4 39.Qb7 h5 40.Kh3 c3 41.Rg1 Qf2 42.Qb8+ Kh7 43.Qf8 Qxe3+ 44.g3 Ra7 45.Ra1 Qxd4 46.Rxa7 Qxa7 47.Qxb4 Qg1 48.Qb7 Kg7 49.Qe4 Qc5 50.Qe1 c2 51.Qa1+ Kh7 52.Qc1 Qf5+ 53.Kh2 Qd3 54.f5 Qe2+ 55.Kh3 Qd1 56.fxg6+ fxg6 0-1

Staunton H - Saint Amant P, Paris (16) 1843
1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 e5 3.e3 Nc6 4.a3 f5 5.d3 Nf6 6.Nge2 d6 7.Ng3 Be7 8.Be2 O-O 9.O-O h6 10.Bf3 Kh7 11.Bd5 Qe8 12.Rb1 a5 13.Nb5 Qd8 14.b3 Nxd5 15.cxd5 Na7 16.Nc3 Bd7 17.f4 Bf6 18.Nce2 g6 19.e4 Nb5 20.exf5 gxf5 21.Nh5 Qe8 22.Nxf6+ Rxf6 23.fxe5 Qxe5 24.a4 Nd4 25.Nf4 Rg8 26.Bd2 Rf7 27.Rf2 Rg4 28.h3 Rg3 29.Qh5 Qf6 30.Ne6 Bxe6 31.dxe6 Qxe6 32.Bxh6 Qg6 33.Qxg6+ Kxg6 34.Bf4 Rxd3 35.Bxd6 Nxb3 36.Bf4 Re7 37.Rf3 Rxf3 38.gxf3 c4 39.Kf2 Re6 40.Rg1+ Kf6 41.h4 Nc5 42.Bd2 Nxa4 43.h5 c3 44.Be3 f4 45.Bxf4 Nb2 46.Bg5+ Kf5 47.Rg4 Nd3+ 48.Kg3 Ne5 49.Bd8 Nxg4 50.fxg4+ Ke5 51.Bg5 c2 52.h6 Rc6 53.h7 Rc8 54.Bc1 Kf6 55.Kf3 Kg6 56.Ke2 Rd8 57.h8=Q Rxh8 58.Kd2 Rc8 0-1

Saint Amant P - Staunton H, Paris (17) 1843
1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.e3 c5 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.a3 a6 7.b3 Be7 8.Be2 b6 9.O-O O-O 10.Qd3 Bb7 11.Rd1 cxd4 12.exd4 dxc4 13.bxc4 Qc7 14.h3 Rac8 15.Bb2 Rfd8 16.Rac1 Na5 17.Nd2 Qf4 18.g3 Qc7 19.Nde4 Nxe4 20.Nxe4 f5 21.Nd2 Bf6 22.Qe3 Qe7 23.Bc3 Nc6 24.d5 Bxc3 25.Rxc3 exd5 26.cxd5 Qxe3 27.fxe3 Ne5 28.Rxc8 Rxc8 29.Nf3 Nxf3+ 30.Bxf3 Kf8 31.g4 g6 32.gxf5 gxf5 33.Kf2 Ke7 34.Kg3 Kf6 35.Rb1 b5 36.Rd1 Ke5 37.d6 Bxf3 38.d7 Rd8 39.Kxf3 h5 40.h4 Ke6 41.Kf4 Rxd7 42.Rxd7 Kxd7 43.Kxf5 a5 44.Ke4 Kc6 45.Kd4 Kd6 46.e4 b4 47.axb4 axb4 48.Kc4 Ke5 49.Kxb4 Kxe4 50.Kc3 Ke3 51.Kc2 Kf2 52.Kd2 Kg3 53.Ke1 Kxh4 54.Kf1 1/2-1/2

Staunton H - Saint Amant P, Paris (18) 1843
1.c4 d5 2.Nc3 e6 3.d4 Nf6 4.Nf3 c5 5.e3 Nc6 6.a3 a6 7.dxc5 Bxc5 8.b4 Be7 9.Bb2 O-O 10.Be2 dxc4 11.Bxc4 b5 12.Bd3 Bb7 13.O-O Qc7 14.Rc1 Rfd8 15.Qe2 Rac8 16.Rfd1 Bd6 17.h3 Qe7 18.Bb1 Ne5 19.Nxe5 Bxe5 20.f4 Rxd1+ 21.Qxd1 Bxc3 22.Bxc3 Nd5 23.Bd4 Rxc1 24.Qxc1 f5 25.e4 fxe4 26.Bxe4 Qd7 27.Kh2 Nf6 28.Bxf6 Bxe4 29.Be5 Qc6 30.Qe1 Qb7 31.Qg3 h6 32.Qf2 Kh7 33.h4 Qd7 34.Qg3 Qf7 35.Qe3 Qb7 36.Qd2 Qc6 37.Kg1 Qc2 38.Qxc2 Bxc2 39.Kf2 Kg6 40.Ke3 h5 41.Kd4 Kf7 42.Kc5 g6 43.Kb6 Ke7 44.Kxa6 Ba4 45.Kb6 Kd7 46.Kb7 Ke8 47.g3 Bd1 48.Kb6 Ba4 49.Kc5 Ke7 50.Kc6 Ke8 51.Bf6 Kf7 52.Bd4 Ke7 53.Bc5+ Ke8 54.Kd6 Kf7 55.Bd4 Bc2 56.Bc3 Bb3 57.Kd7 Bc2 1/2-1/2

Saint Amant P - Staunton H, Paris (19) 1843
1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.e3 e5 4.Bxc4 exd4 5.exd4 Bd6 6.Nf3 Nf6 7.h3 O-O 8.O-O Nc6 9.Bg5 Be7 10.Nc3 Bf5 11.a3 Ne4 12.Be3 Bf6 13.Re1 Nd6 14.Ba2 h6 15.Qa4 Ne7 16.Rad1 Ng6 17.Bc1 c6 18.Ne5 Qc7 19.g4 b5 20.Qb4 Bc2 21.Rd2 a5 22.Qc5 Bxe5 23.dxe5 Nb7 24.Nxb5 Nxc5 25.Nxc7 Nd3 26.Rxd3 Bxd3 27.Nxa8 Rxa8 28.f4 Re8 29.Rd1 Be4 30.Rd4 Bd5 31.Bxd5 cxd5 32.Kf2 Rc8 33.Be3 Ne7 34.Ke2 Rb8 35.Bc1 Kf8 36.b4 Rb5 37.bxa5 Nc6 38.Ra4 Nxa5 39.Bd2 Nc6 40.Bb4+ Ke8 41.h4 g5 42.fxg5 hxg5 43.Ra8+ Kd7 44.h5 Nxb4 45.h6 Nc6 46.h7 Rb2+ 47.Kd3 Rb3+ 48.Kc2 Rh3 49.h8=Q Rxh8 50.Rxh8 Nxe5 51.Kc3 Nxg4 52.Kd4 Nf6 53.Ke5 Ke7 54.a4 Nd7+ 55.Kf5 d4 56.a5 Nc5 57.Kxg5 d3 58.Kf4 d2 59.Rh1 Kd7 60.Ke3 Kc6 61.Rb1 d1=Q 62.Rxd1 Kb5 63.Rd5 Kc6 64.Kd4 Ne6+ 65.Kc4 Kb7 66.Rd7+ Ka6 67.Rxf7 Nd8 68.Rf5 Nc6 69.Rf6 Kb7 70.Kb5 Na7+ 71.Kc5 Nc8 72.Rh6 Na7 73.a6+ Kb8 74.Rh7 Nc8 75.Rb7+ Ka8 76.Kc6 Na7+ 77.Kc7 Nc6 78.Kb6 Nb4 79.Rd7 1-0

Staunton H - Saint Amant P, Paris (20) 1843
1.c4 e6 2.e4 c6 3.d4 d5 4.exd5 exd5 5.Nc3 Nf6 6.Nf3 Be7 7.Bd3 O-O 8.O-O Bg4 9.Be3 Nbd7 10.b3 h6 11.Kh1 Bb4 12.Ne2 Bd6 13.Bf4 Bxf4 14.Nxf4 Nh5 15.Nxh5 Bxh5 16.Be2 Re8 17.Re1 Qc7 18.Ng1 Bxe2 19.Rxe2 Nf6 20.Qd3 Ng4 21.Nf3 Re4 22.h3 Rae8 23.Ne5 Nxe5 24.Rxe4 Nxd3 25.Rxe8+ Kh7 26.Kg1 Qf4 27.Re2 Qxd4 28.Rd1 dxc4 29.Red2 b5 30.a4 a6 0-1

Saint Amant P - Staunton H, Paris (21) 1843
1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.e3 c5 4.Nc3 Nf6 5.Nf3 Be7 6.Bd3 b6 7.O-O O-O 8.b3 Bb7 9.cxd5 exd5 10.Qc2 Nc6 11.a3 a6 12.Rd1 cxd4 13.exd4 h6 14.b4 Bd6 15.Re1 b5 16.h3 Rc8 17.Qb3 Qc7 18.Bd2 Qb6 19.Be3 Ne7 20.Rac1 Nh5 21.Qd1 Nf6 22.Nh4 Rc7 23.Qd2 Nh7 24.Qc2 Nf6 25.Kh1 Ne8 26.Nf5 Nxf5 27.Bxf5 a5 28.Qb3 axb4 29.axb4 Rc4 30.Na2 Nf6 31.Bd3 Qc6 32.Qb2 Qd7 33.Kg1 Nh5 34.Qd2 f5 35.f4 Ng3 36.Bxc4 dxc4 37.Qb2 Rf6 38.Nc3 Ne4 39.Re2 Rg6 40.Rd1 Nxc3 41.Qxc3 Bf3 42.Rde1 Bxe2 43.Rxe2 Qe7 44.Qb2 Re6 45.Kf2 Re4 46.Qa2 Kf7 47.g3 Qb7 48.Qa3 Re8 49.Qc3 Qh1 50.h4 g5 51.Qe1 Qh2+ 52.Kf1 Qh3+ 53.Kg1 Qg4 54.hxg5 Bxf4 55.Bxf4 Qxe2 56.Qxe2 Rxe2 57.gxh6 c3 58.Kf1 Re4 59.Bc1 Kg6 60.d5 c2 61.Bd2 Rxb4 62.d6 Rd4 63.Ke2 Rxd6 64.Ke3 Kxh6 65.Ke2+ Kg6 66.Ke1 b4 0-1